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When a doctor suspects that you may have a thyroid disorder, one of the first tests they will order is a thyroid function test (TFT). These tests measure the levels of hormones produced by the thyroid gland, щитовидная железа which are crucial for regulating overall health. Understanding what these tests mean can be complicated, but it's essential to make informed decisions about your healthcare. In this article, we will break down the common thyroid function tests and what they indicate.

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Test
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The TSH test is the first test your doctor will order when evaluating thyroid function. TSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that regulates the production of thyroid hormones. The TSH test measures the levels of TSH in your blood. If your TSH levels are:

• High (above 5 mIU/L), it means your thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormones, a condition known as hypothyroidism|thyroid insufficiency|low thyroid function}.
  
• Low (below 0.5 mIU/L), it means your thyroid gland is overactive and producing too many thyroid hormones, a condition known as hyperthyroidism|thyroid excess|high thyroid function}.
  
• Normal (0.5-5 mIU/L), it indicates that your thyroid gland is functioning properly.
  
  

Total Thyroxine (T4) Test

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The T4 test measures the levels of Th4 protein in your blood. thyroid hormone is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that is converted into triiodothyronine (T3) in the body, which regulates metabolism. If your T4 levels are:

• Low, it indicates thyroid dysfunction.
  
• High, it indicates high thyroid function.
  
  

Free Thyroxine (FT4) Test

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The FT4 test measures the levels of free thyroxine in your blood. Free-thyroxine is the form of T4 that is not bound to proteins in the blood and is available to the body. The FT4 test is more accurate than the T4 test and is often used to detect thyroid disorders.

Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) Test
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The FT3 test measures the levels of free thyroid-stimulating protein in your blood. FT3 is the active form of thyroid hormone that regulates energy levels. If your FT3 levels are:

• Low, it indicates low thyroid function.
  
• High, it indicates high thyroid function.
  
  

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPO) Test

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The TPO test measures the levels of TPO proteins in your blood. These antibodies are produced in response to thyroid tissue damage and can indicate immune-related thyroid disease, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Thyroglobulin Antibody Test
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The thyroglobulin antibody test measures the levels of thyroid antibody in your blood. thyroid protein is a protein produced by the thyroid gland, and these antibodies can indicate inflammatory thyroid disease.

Interpreting Thyroid Function Tests
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Interpreting TFT results requires a comprehensive evaluation of all the tests. A normal TSH level does not always indicate a healthy thyroid gland, as some people may have a asymptomatic thyroid disorder. A doctor will consider the following factors when interpreting TFT results:

• The levels of TSH, T4, FT4, T3, and FT3
  
• The presence of thyroid immunoglobulins
  
• Your medical profile
  
• Your symptoms
  
  

What to Do If Your TFT Results Are Abnormal

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If your TFT results are abnormal, your doctor may recommend further evaluation or treatment, such as therapy or radioactive iodine therapy. It's essential to follow your doctor's instructions and attend regular appointments to monitor your thyroid function and adjust your treatment plan as needed.

Conclusion
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Thyroid function tests are essential resourcess for detecting and managing thyroid disorders. Understanding what these tests mean can liberate you to take control of your health and make informed judgments about your care. If you have concerns about your thyroid health or suspect you may have a thyroid disorder, consult your doctor to discuss the best course of action.